Dish insulation member



Feb. 18, 1941. P. ZALKIND DISH INSULATION MEMBER 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 iga INVENTOR. fhzlzp Z0. Lfand W ATTORNEY.

Filed April 20, 1936 Feb. 18, 1941. P. ZALKIND msn INSULATION MEMBER Filed April 20, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

4 Sheets-Sheet; 4

Fig=24 P. ZALKIND DISH INSULATION MEMBER Filed April 20, 1956 Feb. 18, 1941.

INVENTOR. $111140 2691,12 d

1 BY W W ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 18, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 10Claims.

My invention relates to insulating containers, and more particularly to folding containers comprising a plurality of dish-like sections adapted to be nested in each other prior to erecting the 5 container in set up position.

My container is adapted for use with material that must be maintained at a temperature appreciably different than that of its surroundings. Thus it may be used for packing ice-cream and it is particularly adapted for use with pint or quart bricks of ice-cream such as are well known in the trade. However, I do not limit my invention to this particular application, for though it is well adapted for this particular use, it may be used for many other purposes wherever it is desired to restrict the flow of heat into or out of the material within the container.

I prefer that my container be made of paperlike material, and it may be constructed of molded paper or wood pulp; or pressed dish-like sections using sheet material; or the disk-like sections may be formed by blanking out sheet material which may be cut and scored by the methods commonly in use in the manufacture of foldtive form.

With the dish-like portions, which may be constructed to nest one within another, I may use an auxiliary container, which with the dish-like sections forms air spaces which provide the insulation for the container. The container may be constructed of paper-like sheet material and may be folded or collapsed. Moreover, this auxiliary container may be formed independently of the dish sections, or it may be formed integrally with the dish sections. When the dish sections are used with brick ice-cream they may be so placed around the brick that the carton, in which brick ice-cream is usually dispensed, become the o auxiliary container co-operating with the dishlike sections to form insulating air spaces.

In my construction I prefer that the dishes be joined to one another in order to facilitate their application. However, I make provision in my 45 construction whereby the dish sections may be separated from each other. In this way after they have served their purpose as insulating means with the package they may then be used separately as dishes. This is a particularly desirable feature in connection with the retail dispensing of ice-cream.

My insulating container is simple and inexpensive. Moreover, prior to its application it takes up a relatively small space. It is easy and simple to apply. It provides a relatively high I ing cartons, and folded, and/or glued to operadegree of insulation for the amount of material that it contains. It is therefore relatively light and easy to carry when it is in use. It may be used in a number of ways and has considerable versatility in its application.

Objects of'my invention are thus: to provide a simple and inexpensive insulating container; to provide an insulating container that may be stored in a small space; to provide an insulating container having a relatively high degree of insulation for the amount of material which it contains; to provide an insulating container that is relatively light in weight; to provide an insulating container that is simple to set up for use to provide an insulating container that is versatile in its applications; to provide an insulating container, .essential parts of which may be afterwards used as dishes. There are other objects of my invention which will be apparent from the following detailed description in connection with the drawings which form a part of these specifications, and in which Figure l is a plan showing an expanded view of a group of dish-like sections suitable for forming my insulating casing.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of Figure l folded to form a tube.

Figure 5 is a view of a developed blank for forming an auxiliary casing for use with the insulating structure shown in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the blank of Figure 5 folded into assembled condiion.

Figure 7 is a plan showing an expanded view of a group of modified dish-like sections for forming my insulating casing.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view on the line 88 of Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view on the line 9-9 of Figure 7.

Figure 10 is a perspective view showing the structure of Figure 7 folded to form a tube.

Figure 11 is a view of a developed blank for forming an auxiliary casing for use with the insulating structure shown in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the manner in which the blank of Figure 11 folds into assembled position.

Figure 13 is a plan showing an expanded view of a modified group of dish-like sections for forming my insulating casing.

veal the manner in which a carton for brick icecream may serve as an auxiliary casing.

Figure 18 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view similar to that on the line Ill-l3 of Figure 16, showing how a double insulating air space may be formed when using two groups of dishes, the outer group having greater depth than the inner group.

Figure 19 is a perspective view showing the structure of Figure 13 folded into a container with the concave side of the dishes turned outwardly.

Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view along the line 20-20 of Figure 19 showing how the structure of Figure 19 may be inserted into an auxiliary casing which may be a suitable tight fitting bag, or a simple rectangular box.

Figure 21 is a developed blank for integrally forming a group of dishes similar to those shown in Figure 19 together with its auxiliary blank from a sheet of fibrous material. In this figure is also shown the manner in which a plurality of these blanks may be secured from a suitable strip of sheet material with only a very moderate amount of waste material.

Figure 22 is an enlarged view showing the manner in which one of the dishes may be formed fromsheet material.

Figure 23 is a developed view, partly broken away, showing a container formed from the blank of Figure 21.

- Figure 24 is a developed blank showing the manner in which the group of dish-like structures shown in Figure 13 may be made as an integral unit from sheet material; and the manner in which a plurality of such blanks may be cut from a strip of such material without waste.

In the following I will describe my novel container, by way of illustration, in its application in connection with package ice-cream which is dispensed at retail in cardboard cartons in which the ice-cream is wrapped at the factory.

Now referring to Figures 1 to 5 I show one grouping of dish-like structures, together with a suitable form of auxiliary container for use with this particular form. In Figure 1 are the four dishes I, 2. 3 and 4 joined to each other at the score lines 5, 6 and 1. These score lines are preferably perforated lines which will facilitate the dishes being separated from each other when desired. As is more clearly seen in the crosssectional views of Figures 2 and 3. each dish comprises a bottom panel from which extend sloping side walls, which for a rectangular casing are preferably all at an angle of 45 with the bottom panel. Thus as shown dish 4 consists of the bottom panel 8 and sloping side walls 3, III, II and [2, all at an angle of 45 to the bottom panel 3. Each of the other three dishes are shaped in a similar manner. The edges of the sloping side walls on any of the dishes terminate substantially at the edge of that dish. However, between any two dishes where they are united with each other, I provide a suflicient flat portion for the score line and perforations as is shown at 5, i and I. The

dishes may be molded together in a single die using some form of papier mach or paper felt, or it may be formed from a sheet of cardboard,

straw board, or similar material cut out, creased and scored in a manner to be described more fully later. Where the casing is to be used, for instance, with brick ice-cream, the bottom panels of the dishes are of substantially the same dimensions as the sides of the carton in which the ice-cream is wrapped.

Figure 5 shows a developed blank for an auxiliary casing to be used with the dishes shown in Figure 1. This blank consists of the four main panels 20, 2|, 22 and 23 of substantially the same dimensions as the outside dimensions of dishes I, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Panel 20 is united with panel 2| at the score line 24; panel 2| is united with panel 22 at the score line 25; and

panel 22 is united with the panel 23 at the score line 28. Panel is provided with the side flap 21 by which panel 20 may be united with panel 23 when the blank is folded on score line 25, thus forming a collapsed tube. Panels 20, 2|, 22 and 23 are united respectively with the flaps 30, 3|, 32 and 33 at the score line 28, and with the flaps 34, 35, 36 and 31 at the score line 29.

Flaps 30, 32, 34 and 36 are of substantially the same length as the sloping sides (as sides It and I2) of the dishes shown in Figure 1. The sides of these flaps are cut on a diagonal line in such a manner, that when the flaps are folded at 45 the distance that the diagonals are cut back will be equal to the distance that the flaps extend in a perpendicular line. Each of these diagonal sides are provided with side tab 42. United with flaps 33, 32, 34 and 36 are the flap extensions 38, 33, 40 and respectively. These flap extensions are made of such length that when the blank is folded into position the flap extensions will terminate at substantially the centre of the container. The

' flap extensions 38, 39, 40 and 4| are provided with end tabs 43, 44, .5 and 46 respectively. These tabs are of substantially the same length as the depth of the dishes, and each is provided with a central slot 41 extending a distance slightly greater than half of the length of the tab. Also the sides of each tab extends outwardly along a 45 angle.

Flaps 3|, 33, 35 and 31 are rectangular in shape. The length of these flaps is substantially equal to one-half the width of panels 20 and 22. Thus when the casing is folded into position, these flaps will terminate at the centre of the casing. Each of the flaps 3|, 33, 35 and 31 is provided with an end tab 48 of substantially the same length as the depth of the dishes I to 4 inclusive. Each of these tabs is cut back at its corners at an angle of 45, and each isv provided with a central slot 49, extending for a depth of slightly more than one-half of the length of the tab.

It can be seen that the dishes may be delivered to the user in the form of blanks as shown; and that these blanks may be nested one within the other so that a large number of the blanks will take up but little space. Also the auxiliary casing may be delivered as collapsed tubes, and therefore require very little room.

In setting up the package, the auxiliary casing is first expanded, and the bottom folded into place by bending the flaps on their respective score lines. Flaps 34 and 35 are first bent into place, which is inwardly at a 45 angle, tabs 42 being bent outwardly toward the open bottom and abutting against the side walls 2| and 23.

Flap extensions 40 and 4| are then turned into and its respective bottom flap.

a position in a plane at right angles to the side walls 25, 2|, 22 and 25, the tabs 45 and helm! turned at right angles to the flap'extensions 45 and 4|. -In this position the tabs 45 and 45 will lie in face to face relationship with each other and their free edge will lie toward the bottom of the casing. Flaps 55 and 51 are then folded over to lie in a plane perpendicular to the side walls 20, 2|, 22 and 23, and are thus parallel to the flap portions 45 and 4| which had previously been placed in position. Before folding the flaps 55 and 31, however, their tabs 45 are folded at right angles so as to point inwardly into the casing. Thus when the fiaps and 51 are folded into position, their tabs 45 come into face to face relationship with each other, and t e slots 49 in the tabs 45 interlock with the slo s 41 in the tabs 45 and 45. The bottom is thus securely held in place. Figure 6 is a perspective view of the auxiliary casing, with the bottom members shown in phantom and folded as just described. The method of this folding is clearlyshown on the top of the casing which as shown is exactly similar to the bottom. This top is drawn in a manner to show the interior flaps and one ofthe exterior flaps in position, with the second exterior flap ready to be placed into position.

After the bottom of the auxiliary casing has been secured in position the main casing may be inserted. This is done by first rolling the blank of Figure 1 upon itself to form the casing of Figure 4. In this position diagonal side |1 lies in face to face relation with diagonal side I 5; diagonal side l5 lies in face to face relation with diagonal side l4; similarly side I5 lies in face to face relation with side 9; and side lies in face to face relation with side l5.

When the casing, as shown in Figure 4, is inserted in the auxiliary casing of Figure 6 (before closing the top end as shown in Figure 6), the inner web formed by flap extensions and 4| will fit up within the interior space 55 formed by the folding of the dishes, and the bottom edge of the dishes will extend downward to meet the apex of the angle formed by each of the sides In this way five separate insulating air 'spaces are formed. Thus four of the spaces are formed by the four dishes co-operating with their four respective side walls,

each dish lying with its edges against the side wall forming a separate air space. The fifth air space is formed by the four bottom diagonal sides of the four dishes co-operating with the interior flaps of the auxiliary casing forming one face and four sides, and the outer flaps of the auxiliary casing forming the other face of the fifth air space.

The top flaps of the auxiliary casing may now be placed into position, and these flaps, together with the sloping upper edges of the dishes, form a sixth air space, thus completing the insulation and providing an insulating air space on each side and on each end of the container. The top flaps are folded in as shown in Figure 6 and in the same manner as described for the bottom flaps. Thus flaps 35 and 32 with their auxiliary flaps and tabs 35, 39, 42, 43 and 44 are first folded into place forming an inner web, and then flaps 3| and 33 with their tabs are folded into place, the slots 49 in the tabs of the outer flaps interlocking with the slots 41 in the tabs 43 and 44 of the inner flaps, thus locking the container into closed position.

A brick of ice-cream or other material may be placed in thespace within the container prior to closing the top end of the auxiliary casing. Moreover, such material as dry ice may be used with the package, preferably being placed in the tray formed by the inner'flaps and the end bevels of the dishes. It may be put in Just before the outer flaps are closed. The ice-cream so packed will keep in good condition for a relatively long time. When it is desired that the ice-cream be used, the four dish-shaped sections whichform the blank of Figure 1 may be separated from each other; and each of the four sections will form a separate dish, each suitable for serving an individual portion of the icecream.

In Figures 1 to 12 inclusive, I have shown a modified form of dish section for producing the insulating casing, together with a modified form of auxiliary casing suitable for this modified form of dish section. In Figure 7 are four dishes, 5|, 52, 59 and 54 joined to each other at the score lines 55, and 51. These dishes are substantially the same as the dishes shown in Figure 1. However, where the dishes of Figure 1 terminate on their end edges at substantially the termination of end sloping sides, the dishes shown in Figure 7 are extended forming an extended lip 55 on the one end edge and a similar lip 59 on the other end edge as shown more clearly in Figure 9. As is seen from the crosssectional views in Figures 8 and 9, each dish comprises a bottom panel 55, from which extend the sloping end panels 5| and 52, from which the extensions 55 and 59 respectively protrude as mentioned above. Dish 5| is provided with the sloping side panels 53 and 54; dish 52 is provided with the sloping side panels 55 and 55; dish 53 is provided with similar side panels 51 and 55; and dish 54 is provided with side panels 59 and 19. The edges of these side panels terminate substantially at the edge of their respective dish. However, between any two dishes where they are united with each other, I provide a sufficient flat portion for the score line and perforations as is shown at 55, 55 and 51. The dishes may be molded together in a single die or may be formed from a sheet by scoring and folding as has been explained in connection with Figures 1 to 4.

Figure 11 shows a developed blank for forming an auxiliary casing to be used with the dishes shown in Figure 7. This blank comprises four main panels 1|, 12, 13 and 14 of substantially the same dimensions as the outside dimensions of dishes 5|, 52, 53 and 54 respectively. Panel 1| is united with panel 12 at the score line 15; panel 12 is united with panel 13 at the score line 15; and panel 13 is united with panel 14 at the score line 11. Panel 1| is provided with the side flap 15 by which the panel 1| may be united with panel 14 when the blank is folded on the score line 15, thus forming a collapsed tube. Panels 1|, 12, 13 and 14 are united respectively with the end flaps 19, 55, 8| and 52 at the score line 53; and with the flaps 54, 55, 55 and 51 at the score line 55 at the opposite end of the panels.

Flaps 19, 5| and 54 to'51 inclusive are of substantially the same length as the length of the extended faces 55 and 59 of the dish forms. Flaps 55 and 52 are in length substantially onehalf of the width of panels 1| and 13, as are the extensions 59 and 95 of the flaps I9 and 5| respectively. Flaps 54, 55, 55 and 51 have, respectively, the flap extensions 9|, 92, 93 and 94. Each of these flap extensions is of slightly less area than that of the open end of the tube formed when the panels TI to 14 are folded at right angles to each other. Flaps 88 and 82 are provided with the end tabs 88. Both end tabs 88 and end tabs 88 are of a length substantially equal to the length of flaps 18 and 8|, provision being made to care for the thickness of the material of the auxiliary casing. Tabs 85 are provided with the. slots 81, and tabs 88 are provided with the slots 88. Both slots 81 and slots 88 extend into the tab for a distance slightly greater than one-half the length of the tabs as described above. The width of these slots is substantially twice the thickness of the material used.

In setting up the package the auxiliary casing is first expanded, andthe bottom folded into place by bending the bottom flaps 84, 85, 88 and .81, and the bottom flap extensions 8|, 82, 83 and 84 on their respective score lines. In this position flap 84 lies parallel to side panel 1|; flap 85 lies parallel to side panel 12; flap 88 lies parallel to side panel 13; and flap 81 lies parallel to side panel 14. Flap extensions SI, 82, 83 and 84 all lie in face to face relationship with each other, and in a plane perpendicular to the side panels 1|, 12, 13 and 14 in the manner shown in the cut away portion at the bottom of Figure 12, which shows a perspective view of the blank of Figure 11 in a partially assembled position.

It will be noted in the figure that each of the bottom flaps form a flange at the bottom of the auxiliary casing. Thus as shown flap 85 forms a'flange at the bottom of the panel 12, and flap 88 forms a flange at the bottom of panel 13. These flanges are-of substantially the same depth as the length of the extension 58 formed on the dish structures of Figure 7.

The blank of Figure '7 is now folded on its scorelines 55, 58 and 51 in such a manner that sloping side 84 lies in face to face relationship with sloping side 85; side 88 lies in face to face relationship with side 81; side,88 lies in face to face relationship with side 88; and side 18 lies in face to face relationship with side 83. The form folded into such position is shown in perspective in Figure 10. In this position the form is inserted into the expanded casing formed from the blank of Figure 11 inthe manner just explained. On fully inserting the folded dish structure into the expanded casing, the extended faces 58 will take a position between the flanges 84 to 81 inclusive and the respective side walls of these flanges. Each dish structure will lie in contact with one of the side walls along the entire open face of the dish. In this manner, each dish with its respective side wall forms a dead air" insulating space. .Thus the four side walls of the package are effectively I insulated against the passage of heat. It will be noted in Figure 12 that the flap extensions 8| to 84 inclusive subbottom of the casing. The top of the casing is provided with insulation by the top flaps in the manner about to be described.

After the tube (as shown in Figure 10) has been placed within the auxiliary casing, and the material has been placed within the casing so formed, the top is ready to be closed. In order to accomplish this flaps 18 and 8|, together with their flap extensions 88 and 88 respectively, and the tabs 88 are folded on their respective score lines in the manner shown in Figure 12. Thus flaps 18 and 8| lie parallel respectively to the side panels 1I and 18 forming flanges enclosing extensions 88 on two opposite dish-like structures. Panels 88 and 88 together form an inner closure, lying in a plane perpendicular to the extensions 58 where extensions 58 are united with sloping walls 8|. In this position tabs 88 are in abutting relation to each other with their free edges pointing away from the centre of the casing. Dry ice or other suitable material may be inserted in the trays formed by the flaps, flap extensions and tabs so bent in the manner Just described. The casing may now be closed by folding flaps 88 and 82 with their respective tabs 88 into position. Tabs 88 are bent into a plane at right angles to their respective flaps, the tabs being bent in a direction to point toward the centre of the casing when the flaps are folded into position. The flaps are then bent down, when the tabs will come into face to face relationship with each other; and slots 88 in tabs 88 will interlock with slots 81 in tabs 85, thus completing the package.

Now referring to Figures 13 to 20, I show a further modified arrangement of dish structure and several novel ways in which this dish structure may be utilized,

In Figure 13 is shown a tray structure in which are combined in a modified arrangement, the particular form of individual tray which I have described in connection with Figure 1. In Figure 13 there is shown a group of six dishes I8I, I82, I83, I84, I85 and I88 joined to each other at the score lines I81, I88, I89, II8 and III. As with the previous forms, the form may be perforated along these score lines in order that the dishes may be separated from each other when desired. It will further be noted that the form of Figure 13 differs from the form shown in Figure 1 by the addition of the two end trays. Thus if trays I85 and I88 of Figure 13 were removed by tearing the form of Figure 13 on the perforated score lines II8 and III, the form shown in Figure 1 would remain. Trays I85 and I88 are of the same construction as the other trays of the group, and are of such dimensions that they may be folded on the score lines II8 and III, and will close the ends of the structure formed when the side trays I8I, I82, I83 and I84 are folded on the score lines I81, I88 and I89.

Trays I8I, I82, I83 and I84 consist respectively of the bottom members H2, H3, H4 and H5; the side slopes II8 and and H1, II8 and II8;

I28 and I2I, I22 and I23; and all have the two end slopes I24 and I25. Trays I85 and I88 consist respectively of the bottom members I 28 and I21; and the side and end slope I28, I28, I38, I3I and I32, I33, I34 and I35. These slopes and bottoms are clearly shown in the cross-sectional views of Figures 14 and 15.

When this form of Figure 13 is folded on its score lines in such a manner that the concave portion of the dishes are on the inside of the casing, the form may be used without an auxiliary casing other than that provided by the carton enclosed by the casing. In this event the overall dimensions of each of the dishes of the form should substantially conform with the corresponding dimensions of the side of the carton with which it is associated. A package so formed is shown in perspective in Figure 16; and in Figure 17 the package of Figure 16 is cut away in a manner to show the interior carton, which is also shown as partly broken away.

The package so shown may be constructed by folding the dish structure on its score lines, with the convex side of the dishes facing outwardly. The edge of sloping side I23 of dish I34 is brought into abutting relation with the edge of the sloping side II3 of dish IOI. The two are then united, preferably with remoistening pregummed paper tape or similarly. The lower dish I00 is then folded up so that the edge of slope I33 is in abutting relation to the edge of the sloping side I20 of the. dish I03. This will bring the edge of sides I32 and I34 into abutting relationship with the sloping sides I20 of dishes I 04 and I02 respectively. The bottom dish is then secured in this position, preferably well-known manner, such as I43 shown in Figure 17.

The casing is now ready to receive the carton. Sides I31 and I39 of the carton are of the same dimensions as dishes IOI and I33; sides I33 and I43 of the carton are of the same dimensions as dishes I02 and I04; and the ends of the carton are of the same dimensions as dishes I00 and I30, The carton will thus fit closely within t e casing and five separate dead-air spaces wil be formed by the carton co-operating with the casing. Thus side I30 of the carton will fit closely around the open edge of dish IOI forming a separate air space. Similarly side I33 of the carton and dish I02 form a separate air space, as do side I30 and dish I33, side I43 and dish I04, and the bottom of the carton and dish I 03. A separate insulating air space is formed over the top of the carton by folding down the dish I00, which makes contact along its open edge with the top of the carton and with the sloping sides I24 of dishes IOI, I02, I03 and I04. The top dish I00 may be held in this position by means of astrip of pregummed tape I42 as shown in Figure a 16. It will, of course, be understood that the the free 'edge of an adjacent dish be similarly covered with tape; and I prefer that the joint be so sealed in order to increase the insulating value of the various air spaces.

It will further be understood that I may use two forms, one over'the other toincrease the value of the insulation. Except for changes in dimensions to allow for the thickness of the casing, the two forms will be of the same dimensions. However, I prefer that the outer dishes be appreciably deeper than the inner dishes. In ..this manner a double air space is formed on each side as is shown in Figure 18, which is a section along the plane I l-I3 of Figure 16 when such a double wall construction is used.

- When the form is made to fold in a manner that the concave portions of the dishes are outwardly, then the form must be of large size. In-

65 stead of the outline of the dishes being of the same dimension as the corresponding side of the carton, the bottom of the dish corresponds in size to the size of the car-ton s'lde.

In assembling the casing the form of Figure 13 is folded on its score lines in such a manner that the concave portions of the dishes face outwardly. In this position sloping face II 1 of dish III will be in face to. face relationship with the sloping face "'3 of dish I32. Similarly face H0 will lie in contactwith face I20; face I2I will lieln conwith remoistening pregummed paper tape in the entire Joint where the free edge of one dish meets tact with face I22; and face I23 will lie'in contact with face H0. The face II3 may be united with the face I23 in any suitable manner, as, for instance, by adhesive material'applied between the two portions, which adhesive material may 0 be in the form of remoistening gum on one or the other of the two abutting panels. Another meth- 0d of uniting the tube ino be by the use org summed tape on the outer surfaces of the two abutting panels, or the abutting panels may be 1 secured to each other with suitable metallic clips which are adapted to he slid over the abutting sections as is shown by the clip I43 in Figure 19.

The bottom plate I03 may now be folded into position when the sloping sides m, m, m and I30 will come into face to face reiatio l p with the sloping portions I of the casing walls. This bottom member may be secured in place in any suitable manner, as, for instance, with adhesive means as has been explained in connectionwith 20 the uniting of the side walls; or one or more metallic clips I40 may be used for this purpose.

The casing is now ready to receive its contents, and as has been explained the volume within the casing has-been proportioned to properly receive 25 7 it's contents, which, if it be a brick of ice-cream, fits snugly within the casing, the carton walls I31, I33, I and I43 of the brick fitting within the walls of the casing formed respectively by the panels '4, H3, H2 and H0. After the con- 30 tents have been inserted into position, the top dish I00 is folded into place, and is secured in position in a manner as has been explained in connection with the closure of the bottom end by dish I30. Clips I 40 may be used for this purpose or adhesive means may be used as has been explained. Where the dishes are to be used for service after removing the contents of the casing, I prefer that the clip means he used for uniting the'sections, as the use of adhesive material will 40 prevent the various sections from being disunited from each other for use as separate dishes.

After the casing has been assembled as described above, it may be inserted into a suitable auxiliary casing whereby suitable insulating air spaces are formed around the casing. In Figure 20 this auxiliary casing is shownby the rectangular structure I44, which, with the dishes I 0|, 1 02, I03 and I04 form the four air space I41, I40, I49 and I03 on the sides of the casing,

The auxiliary casing I44 may be of any suitabl construction. Thus the auxiliary, casing, such as is shown in Figure 6, as formed from the blank of Figure 5 maybe used. I may also use a paper bag of a suitable size and-having a bellows type bottom as a suitable auxiliary casing with the casing of Figure 19. Another form of auxiliary casing suitable for use with this form of easing may be obtained by simply wrapping the casing with paper in a suitable manner. Such wrapping so may be of the same material as the casing and may be formed as an integral part of the primary casing, as is shown in Figures 21, 22 and 23, as will now be described.

In Figure 21 I show a sheet of material laid out .in a manner to show how the casing of Figure blanks are provided in the figure to clearly show how little of the sheet need be wasted in producing' these blanks. Thus for each blank there is wasted-merely a small triangular piece, such as is shown at I59.

Now referring in particular to the blank I53 which is shown in some detail as mentioned above, it will be noted that portion I6I corresponds to tray IOI of Figure 13; portion I62 corresponds to tray I02; portion I63 corresponds to tray I03; portion I64 corresponds to tray I04; portion I65 corresponds to tray I05; and portion I68 corresponds to tray I06. Portions I'll, I12, I13, I14, I15 and I16, when folded in the manner to be described later, form the auxiliary casing. The various dishes may be formed from the flat sheet in a manner which will now be described; but it will be readily understood that the panels "I, I12, I13, I14, I15 and I18, formingthe auxiliary casing, may readily be provided integrally with molded dishes when desired.

Now referring to Figure 22, I show the manner in which a suitable dish may be formed from flat sheet material. In this figure the panels I61 and I69 correspond to the portions 58 and 59 of the particular form of dish shown in Figure '7. However, by stopping the blank at the lines I68 and I10, the form of dish shown in Figures 1, 13 and 21 is secured. v

In Figure 22, I 11 represents the bottom of the dish which is united with thesloping wall panels I18, I19, I80 and I8I at the fold lines I86, I81, I88 and I89 respectively. United with the sloping end wall I19 at the score lines I96 and I91 are the tabs I82 and I83; and united with the sloping end wall-I8I at the score lines I98 and I99 are the tabs I84 and I85. Tab I82 is separated from the side I18 by the cut line I92; tab I83 is separated from the side I 80 by the out line I93; tab I84 is separated from the side I18 by the out line I94; and tab I85 is separated from the side I80 by the out line I95. These cut lines are so made that when the sloping panels are. bent 'upat a 45 angle to the bottom panel, the cut lines will be at 45 to the edges of the dish when viewed on a line perpendicular to the bottom panel I11. The score lines I96, I91, I98 and I99 are similarly formed. Thus when the panels I18, I 19, .I80 and I8I are folded at an angle of '45 to the bottom panel I 11 along the respective score lines I86, I 81, I88 and I89, the cut end edges of panels I18 and I'80 lie coincident with the adjacent score lines I98, I91, I98 and I99 where tabs I82, I83, I84 and I85 join their respective panels. In this position tab I82 may be folded on line I96 to lie in face to face relationship to panel I18. By the application of adhesive to tab I82, panel I19 may thus be united with panel I18. In a similar manner panel I19 may be united with panel I80 by tab I83. Similarly panel I8I may be united with panels I18 and I'80 by tabs I84 and I85 respectively. In this way, a dish is formed having sloping sides at a 45 angle to the bottom. Perforated score lines I90 and I9I show the manner in which a dish may be united at either side with a similarly formed dish. It will, of course, be understood that a dish could similarly be united at itsends, as, for instance, dish I6I is united to dishes I65 and I66 of Figure21. Moreover, an end dish, such as I64, may be united with a panel of the auxiliary casing, such as panel I1I of Figure 21.

Now having described the manner in which thevarious dishes of Figure 21 may be formed from a flat blank of material, I will describe how the form may be. used to produce a complete insulating casing, including the outer'auxiliary casing after the dishes have been formed in the blank. Theblank I53 of Figure 21 may thus be folded on the score lines 200, "I and 202. This will produce a form of tube similar to that formed by the side walls of Figure 19. On continuing to fold the blank on some lines 203, 204, 205 and 208, panel "I will cover dish I'6I, panel I12 will cover dish I62, panel I13 will cover dish I53 and panel I14 will cover dish I64. The unit may be secured in this position by applying the adhesively prepared tape I60 over the joint where the free edge of panel I14 meets the panel "I, as is clearly shown in Figure 23. The bottom end of the casing is closed by first bending panel I16 on the score line 2I0 to cover the dish I66. The dish so covered may then be turned on score line 209 when it will fit into wedge shaped space formed by the 45 bevels of the bottom panels of the four dishes making the sides of the casing. The bottom may be secured in this position by a strip of adhesive tape. The casing may then be filled with the material to be protected, for instance, a brick of ice-cream; after which the top panel may be closed'in the same manner as the bottom. That is, panel I15 is folded on score line 208 to cover the dish I65. The covered dish is then folded over on score line 201 to close the opening at the top of the casing, as is clearly shown in the cut away portion of Figure 23. A tape I60 I may be used to secure this top closure memberin place.

It is here pointed out that just as the form which comprises the main casing and the auxiliary casing in an integral sheet, may be formed from a sheet of flat material with a minimum of waste, so may the various other forms of modified blanks which I have described be formed. In order to further illustrate this I have shown Figure 24 which illustrates how the form-shown in Figure 13 may be cut from a strip of sheet material with substantially no waste. "I'hus in Figure 24 I have shown portions of blanks 2I0, 2I3 and 2 I4; and entire blanks 2 II and 2I2, each of which may be used for producing the dish-shaped forms of Figure 13 using the method which I have described from the enlarged fragmentary Figure 22. In Figure 24 it will be seen that there is substantially no waste in forming these blanks even with the wings for the top and bottom panels attached. The blank 2I2 shows the details of the cutting and scoring, which details are omitted from the other blanks both for simplicity and clarity. The blank 2I2 of Figure 24 is composed of the sections MI, 222, 223, 224, 225 and 226, which correspond respectively to the dishes IOI, I02, I03, I04, I and I06 of Figure 13.

I have shown my invention in various modified forms. The particular forms shown are, however, by way of illustration only, as many changes may be made in my invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. Now having described my invention in a manner that it may be clearly understood by one skilled.

whole forming a dish-strip of rectangular dish members, each dish member comprising a middle portion and outwardly sloping side and end walls, said dish members being hingedly connected in series. l

2. A strip of rectangular dish members, of sheet material, each dish member comprising a middle portion and outwardly sloping side walls and end walls, said dish members hingedly connected to each other in series at their side-wall edges; said strip having a closure sheet secured to the edges over the concavity side of said strip.

3. An air-space insulated section comprising a strip of connected dish members of sheet material, each dish member comprising a middle portion and outwardly sloping side walls and end walls, said dish members hingedly connected to each other in series at their side-wall edges; closure sheet covering its concave surface forming insulation air-cells.

4. An air-space insulated section comprising a strip of connected dish members of sheet material, each dish member comprising a middle portion and outwardly sloping side walls and end walls, said dish members hingedly connected to each other in series at their side-wall edges; said strip folded on its bend-lines and secured to form a tube-like section, closure walls covering its concave surfaces forming air-cell insulated walls, and closure means for the ends of said section.

5. An air-space insulated section comprising a strip of connected dish members of sheet material, each dish member comprising a middle portion and outwardly sloping side walls and end walls, said dish members hingedly connected to each other in series at their side-wall edges; said strip folded on its bend-lines and secured to form a tube-like section, closure walls covering its concave surfaces forming air-cell insulated Walls and closure means for the ends of said section, said closure means comprising hingedly connected flaps extending from said closure walls.

6. A strip of connected rectangular dish members, of sheet material, each dish member comprising. a middle portion and outwardly sloping side walls and end walls, said dish members hingedly connected to each other in series at their side-wall edges, said strip folded on its bend-lines and secured in tube-like section, having its concave surfaces facing outward, closure walls on said tube secured to the peripheral edges of said concave walls.

7. An air-space insulated section comprising a strip of connected dish members of sheet material, each dish member comprising a middle portion and outwardly sloping side walls and end walls, said dish members hingedly connected to each other in series at their side-wall edges, said strip folded on its bend lines and secured in tube-like section, having its concave surfaces facing inward, closure walls lining said tube secured to the peripheral edges of said concave walls.

8. An air-space insulated section comprising a strip of connected dish members of sheet material, each dish member comprising a middle portion and outwardly sloping side walls and end walls, said dish members hingedly connected to each other in series at their side-wall edges, closure sheet covering its concave surface forming insulation air-cells, and heat reflector surface within said air cells.

9. An air-space insulated section comprising a strip of connected dish members of sheet material, each dish member comprising a middle portion and outwardly sloping side walls and end walls, said dish members hingedly connected to each other in series at their side-wall edges, said strip folded on its bend-lines and secured to form a tube-like section, closure walls covering its concave surfaces forming air-cell insulated walls, and closure means for the ends of said section.

10. An air-space insulated section comprising a strip of connected dish members of sheet material, each dish member comprising a middle portion and outwardly sloping side walls and end walls, said dish members hingedly connected to each other in series at their side-wall edges, said strip folded on its bend-lines and secured to form a tube-like section, closure walls covering its concave surfaces forming air-cell insulated walls and closure means for the ends of said section, said closure means comprising hingedly connected flaps extending from said closure walls.

PHILIP ZALKIND. 

